Basil of Caesarea → Julian of Antioch
Tradução moderna em inglês
Basil to Julian.
1. The heroic deeds of your present position I leave to those better able to celebrate them. For my part, I pray that God may direct your government to the welfare of the commonwealth. As for me — what do I now possess that could make me worth a great man's friendship? I have nothing but a thin and wasted body, reduced by constant illness so that even a long journey is beyond me. What would you gain from such a companion? But if you value what our Creator gives — that old and genuine goodwill toward you that I have always carried — then this gift is yours, in full measure.
2. You invited me to visit you and held out the prospect of renewing the companionship of our student days [Basil and Julian had both studied in Athens in the early 350s]. Those were fine days, and the memory of them is precious. I must tell you plainly: I bring nothing with me but myself and my prayers. I possess no wealth, no worldly influence, no retinue fit for a court. Yet if any of these things seem adequate to you — and I trust they do, for you are a man of discernment — then I am yours to command.
3. The people of Caesarea, however, do wish me to present to your Majesty the pressing needs of our homeland. The city is in grave distress. If my visit can accomplish something for them, that alone would be reason enough for the journey. What I can offer you, I offer gladly: the honesty of an old friend.
Texto latino / grego
[Πρός: Βασίλειος Ἰουλιανῷ πρὸς ταῦτα] Μικρά σου τὰ τῆς παρούσης τύχης ἀνδραγαθήματα, καὶ φαῦλα τὰ τῆς ἀριστείας, ἧς αὐτὸς ἠρίστευσας καθʼ ἡμῶν, οὐχὶ δὲ καθʼ ἡμῶν, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ἑαυτοῦ. ἐγὼ δὲ τρόμῳ συνέχομαι ὅταν λάβω κατὰ νοῦν πορφυρίδα σε περιβεβλῆσθαι, στεφάνῳ δὲ τὴν ἄτιμον κεκοσμῆσθαί σου κεφαλήν, ὅπερ δίχα εὐσεβείας οὐκ ἔντιμον, ἀλλʼ ἄτιμον καθίστησί σου τὴν βασιλείαν, ἀλλʼ αὐτός, ἐπανελθὼν καὶ ὑπερμεγέθης γενόμενος, ὥς γε φαῦλοι καὶ μισόκαλοι δαίμονες εἵλκυσάν σε εἰς τοῦτο, οὐ μόνον ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν φύσιν ἀνθρώπων φρονεῖν ἤρξω, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς Θεὸν ὑπεραίρεσθαι, καὶ τὴν πάντων μητέρα καὶ τιθηνὸν Ἐκκλησίαν ἐνυβρίζειν, μηνύσει χρησάμενος πρός με τὸν εὐτελέστατον χιλιάδα χρυσίου λιτρῶν ἐξαποσταλῆναί σοι παρʼ ἐμοῦ. Καὶ ἡ μὲν τοῦ χρυσίου ὁλκὴ οὐκ ἐθάμβησέ μου τὴν διάνοιαν, εἰ καὶ μάλα πολλὴ καθέστηκεν, ἀλλὰ δακρῦσαί με πικρῶς παρεσκεύασεν ἐπὶ τῇ τοιαύτῃ ταχίστῃ σου ἀπωλείᾳ. ἐντεθύμημαι γὰρ καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ὡς ἐγώ τε αὐτὸς καὶ ἡ σὴ καλοκἀγαθία κοινῶς μεμαθήκαμεν τὰ ἱερὰ καὶ βέλτιστα γράμματα. ἑκάτεροι δὲ διεξήλθομεν τὰς ἁγίας καὶ θεοπνεύστους Γραφάς, καὶ ἐλάνθανε μέν σε τότε οὐδέν, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ παρόντος ἀκόσμητος καθέστηκας, ὑπὸ τοιούτου φρονήματος στρατοπεδευθείς. ᾔδεις ἡμᾶς πρὸ τῆς χθές, γαληνότατε, ἐπʼ ἀπληστίᾳ χρημάτων μὴ πολιτεύεσθαι· νῦν δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν δέκα ἑκατοντάδας χρυσίου λιτρῶν ἐξαποσταλῆναί σοι ἐπεζήτησας παρʼ ἡμῶν. φείσασθαι ἡμῶν τοίνυν θέλησον, γαληνότατε, τοσαῦτα κεκτημένων ὅσα, ἂν τήμερον θελήσωμεν φαγεῖν, οὐκ ἐξαρκέσει ἡμῖν. ἀργεῖ γὰρ ὡς εἰκὸς παρʼ ἡμῖν μαγείρων τέχνη, μάχαιρα δὲ αὐτῶν αἵμασιν οὐ προσομιλεῖ. τὰ μέγιστα τῶν παρʼ ἡμῖν βρωμάτων, ἐν οἷς ἡ δαψίλεια, χόρτων φύλλα σὺν ἄρτῳ τραχυτάτῳ καὶ τῷ ἐξεστηκότι οἴνῳ· ὥστε μὴ ἐκθαμβούμενα ἡμῶν τὰ αἰσθητήρια ὑπὸ τῆς γαστριμαργίας ἐπʼ ἀφροσύνῃ πολιτεύεσθαι. Ἀπήγγειλε δέ μοι καὶ τοῦτο Λαῦσος ὁ σὸς περίβλεπτος τριβοῦνος, ὁ γνήσιός σοι περὶ τὰ ἐσπουδασμένα, ὡς γυνή τις προσέλευσιν ἐποιήσατο ἐπὶ τῆς σῆς γαληνότητος ἐπʼ ἀπωλείᾳ παιδὸς αὐτῆς φαρμακευθέντος, καὶ ὡς κέκριται παρʼ ὑμῶν φαρμακοὺς μὲν μηδαμοῦ εἶναι, ὄντας δὲ ἀναιρεῖσθαι, ἢ ἐκείνους μόνους περιποιεῖσθαι οἷς ἡ μάχη πρὸς τὰ θηρία. καὶ τοῦτο, ὀρθῶς κριθὲν παρʼ ὑμῶν, ξένον μοι πέφηνε. παντὸς γὰρ γέλωτος ἀνάμεστον τυγχάνει, πῶς τὰ μεγάλα ἄλγη τῶν τραυμάτων μικροῖς φαρμάκοις ἐπιχειρεῖς θεραπεύειν. Θεὸν γὰρ ἐνυβρίσας, χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν μάτην πρόνοιαν ποιῇ. τὸ μὲν γὰρ μανικὸν καὶ ἐπικίνδυνον, τὸ δὲ φιλοικτίρμονος καὶ συμπαθοῦς. Ἐπαχθὲς ἡμῖν λέγειν πρὸς βασιλέα, ἰδιώτας ὄντας, ἐπαχθέστερον δέ σοι φανήσεται τὸ λέγειν πρὸς Θεόν. οὐδεὶς γὰρ μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων φανήσεται. ἃ μέντοι ἀνέγνως, οὐκ ἔγνως· εἰ γὰρ ἔγνως, οὐκ ἂν κατέγνως,
Texto inglês de origem
ST. BASIL OF CAESAREA Basil to Julian. 1. The heroic deeds of your present splendour are small, and your grand attack against me, or rather against yourself, is paltry. When I think of you robed in purple, a crown on your dishonoured head, which, so long as true religion is absent, rather disgraces than graces your empire, I tremble. And you yourself who have risen to be so high and great, now that vile and honour-hating demons have brought you to this pass, have begun not only to exalt yourself above all human nature, but even to uplift yourself against God, and insult His Church, mother and nurse of all, by sending to me, most insignificant of men, orders to forward you a thousand pounds of gold. I am not so much astonished at the weight of the gold, although it is very serious; but it has made me shed bitter tears over your so rapid ruin. I bethink me how you and I have learned together the lessons of the best and holiest books. Each of us went through the sacred and God-inspired Scriptures. Then nothing was hid from you. Nowadays you have become lost to proper feeling, beleaguered as you are with pride. Your serene Highness did not find out for the first time yesterday that I do not live in the midst of superabundant wealth. Today you have demanded a thousand pounds of gold of me. I hope your serenity will deign to spare me. My property amounts to so much, that I really shall not have enough to eat as much as I shall like today. Under my roof the art of cookery is dead. My servants' knife never touches blood. The most important viands, in which lies our abundance, are leaves of herbs with very coarse bread and sour wine, so that our senses are not dulled by gluttony, and do not indulge in excess. 2. Your excellent tribune Lausus, trusty minister of your orders, has also reported to me that a certain woman came as a suppliant to your serenity on the occasion of the death of her son by poison; that it has been judged by you that poisoners are not allowed to exist; if any there be, that they are to be destroyed, or, only those are reserved, who are to fight with beasts. And, this rightly decided by you, seems strange to me, for your efforts to cure the pain of great wounds by petty remedies are to the last degree ridiculous. After insulting God, it is useless for you to give heed to widows and orphans. The former is mad and dangerous; the latter the part of a merciful and kindly man. It is a serious thing for a private individual like myself to speak to an emperor; it will be more serious for you to speak to God. No one will appear to mediate between God and man. What you read you did not understand. If you had understood, you would not have condemned.